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Advantages of Transspective Analysis in Historical Psychological Research. Education & Pedagogy Journal. 2023;2(6):45-59. DOI:

In modern historical and psychological research, conducted in accordance with the post-non-classical methodology, it is necessary to shift the cognitive orientation points: from the directions, schools, research programs, concepts of a certain historical period in the development of psychological science to the ways of thinking and types of rationality implemented in it; from a monological, retrospective description of the processes of formation and transformation of the conceptual apparatus of a certain psychological school to a reflexive-dialogical reconstruction of the conceptual heritage of the relevant scientists in each case in the light of today and tomorrow in the development of psychology; from the usual thematic headings and sections of psychological knowledge to the areas of “overlaping” (metaphor of V.E. Klochko) of different types of scientific rationality, in the moving boundaries of which the processes of “rebirth of scientific tissue” (metaphor of L.S. Vygotsky) of psychology proceeded most actively and fruitfully; from known and accepted theories to concepts previously considered peripheral or even marginal, but containing an underestimated heuristic potential; from the traditions of adaptation of scientific explanatory schemes in psychology to the assimilation by psychology researchers of the philosophical and ideological heritage and of the descriptive potential of literature and art. In order to compare the traditional and post-non-classical views of historical and psychological research, the author proposes the metaphors of “restoration” and “renaissance,” which illustrate different approaches to reconstructing historical forms of scientific thought: the preservation of the conceptual monuments of psychological science and the meaningful reconstruction of the conceptual heritage of psychology with a constructive revision of its heuristic potential. The productivity of the application of transspective analysis (developed by V.E. Klochko) in historical and psychological research is justified because it allows: to build analytical bridges between conditionally closed scientific systems and schools; to understand the natural tendencies of complication of psychological knowledge, taking into account the competition and coexistence of types of scientific rationality; to identify the correspondence and complementarity of psychological concepts, between which there are significant temporal or paradigmatic distances; to model the dialog and confrontation of scientists who, for various reasons, did not belong to the same circle of referents or opponents.

Keywords: History of psychology, psychological knowledge, post-non-classical psychology, methodological reflection, conceptual sphere, transspective analysis

Manifestations of Magical Thinking in Psychology Students. Education & Pedagogy Journal. 2024;3(11):51-64. DOI:

Contemporary psychology has shown an increasing interest in exploring alternative methods by which people rationalize their perceived reality. This research trend is a reaction to the growing prevalence of unconventional and extravagant approaches to self-development that explain psychological problems and suffering. It is also a response to the growing demand from clients for ‘exclusive’ and extraordinary self-improvement practices and crisis management solutions triggered by instability and change in various areas of public life. These practices, based on magical forms of perception and thinking, are increasingly becoming part of psychological services offered not only by pseudopsychologists or charlatans but also by business- and money-oriented psychologists. In addition to the conceptualization and theoretical exploration of magical thinking, there is a growing need to identify its various manifestations in modern life. This includes the identification of meaningful and behavioral markers to assess the degree of normality or abnormality of its manifestations. This article presents theoretical insights and empirical findings on psychology students’ attitudes toward magical thinking. The study shows that the intensity of magical thinking decreases with progressing education and that students are more critical of the relevance of magical thinking for their future professional practice. Nevertheless, belief in paranormal phenomena is still widespread among students. The study participants believe that magical thinking occurs as a resilient cultural phenomenon in their everyday and educational practice. They also recognize its potential application in professional psychology, albeit in limited instances. Although their education influences the extent of magical thinking, it is not the decisive factor, as other studies have shown. Interest in magical practices, occult beliefs, and superstitions does not completely disappear after graduation. This interest could be due to the ongoing methodological crisis in practical psychology, which has not yet completely detached itself from esoteric practices rooted in magical thinking.

Keywords: mindset, professional thinking, magical thinking, education, practical psychology